Where Do You Place AED Pads on an Infant?
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in infants is a rare but serious event requiring immediate action. Knowing the proper placement of AED pads is crucial for maximizing the chances of successful resuscitation. Unlike adults and children, the placement of AED pads on infants differs slightly due to their smaller size and the delicate nature of their bodies.
The key is to ensure the pads don't overlap the heart. This is different from adult AED pad placement.
Standard AED Pad Placement on Infants:
The generally recommended placement for AED pads on an infant is as follows:
- One pad: Place one pad on the upper right side of the chest, just below the collarbone.
- Second pad: Place the second pad on the lower left side of the chest, along the mid-axillary line. This line runs vertically down from the middle of the armpit.
Important Considerations:
- Size of the Pads: Many modern AEDs offer pediatric pads or settings. If available, always use these. Pediatric pads are smaller and deliver a lower energy shock appropriate for an infant’s body.
- Avoid Overlapping Pads: Ensure the pads do not overlap. Overlapping pads can cause burns or interfere with the electrical signal.
- Hair: If the infant has excessive hair on the chest, try to move it aside or, if necessary, gently shave a small area to ensure proper pad contact.
- Call for Help: Immediately call emergency medical services (EMS) or 911. Begin CPR while waiting for help to arrive.
What If Pediatric Pads Aren't Available?
If pediatric pads are unavailable, you may need to use adult pads. In this scenario, adjust your placement to minimize the risk of burns and maximize effectiveness. Here’s a possible solution:
- One pad: Place one pad on the upper chest, below the collarbone, avoiding the heart area.
- Second pad: Place the second pad on the back, between the shoulder blades. This placement should be as far away from the first pad as possible.
This is a less than ideal situation, and you should carefully check your AED’s instructions for guidance. The priority is to get the AED on the infant as quickly as possible, even if that means making necessary adaptations to the placement.
How Big Is an Infant for AED Pad Placement?
The American Heart Association (AHA) defines an infant as a child from birth to approximately one year of age. The exact size will vary, but the key is the relative size of the child’s torso in relation to the AED pads.
What Are the Risks of Incorrect AED Pad Placement?
Incorrect AED pad placement can lead to several complications:
- Ineffective defibrillation: Improper placement might not deliver the shock correctly to the heart, reducing the chances of successful resuscitation.
- Burns: Overlapping pads or pads that are too large can cause skin burns.
- Delayed resuscitation: Hesitation or difficulty in placement due to uncertainty can delay crucial intervention.
Conclusion:
Proper AED pad placement on infants is critical during a cardiac arrest. While the standard placement is on the chest, remembering to prioritize minimizing any overlap and using pediatric pads whenever possible is essential. Quick action and proper technique dramatically increase the chances of a positive outcome. Always refer to the specific instructions provided by your AED manufacturer and the latest AHA guidelines for the most up-to-date recommendations. Remember, CPR should be started simultaneously with AED application.
