Receding gums, also known as gingival recession, is a common dental problem that exposes the roots of your teeth. This exposes the sensitive root surfaces to temperature changes, making your teeth more susceptible to decay and sensitivity. But what exactly can a periodontist do to address this issue? Let's explore the various treatments and approaches.
A periodontist is a dentist who specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of gum disease (periodontitis) and related conditions, including receding gums. Unlike a general dentist who might offer basic gum treatments, a periodontist possesses advanced skills and knowledge to handle more complex cases.
What Causes Receding Gums?
Understanding the cause of your receding gums is crucial for effective treatment. Several factors contribute to this condition:
- Aggressive brushing: Brushing too hard or using a hard-bristled toothbrush can wear away the gum tissue over time.
- Gum disease (periodontitis): This is a major cause of gum recession. Bacteria build up and inflame the gums, eventually leading to tissue and bone loss.
- Genetics: Some individuals are simply more prone to gum recession due to inherited factors.
- Teeth grinding (bruxism): The constant pressure from grinding can put excessive stress on the gums and contribute to recession.
- Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in hormone levels, especially during pregnancy or menopause, can make gums more susceptible to recession.
- Improper flossing: Incorrect flossing techniques can damage gum tissue.
- Piercings: Oral piercings, particularly those near the gums, can cause irritation and contribute to recession.
What Treatments Do Periodontists Offer for Receding Gums?
The treatment approach a periodontist takes depends on the severity of the recession and the underlying cause. Here are some common treatments:
1. Non-Surgical Treatment:
- Scaling and root planing: This deep cleaning procedure removes plaque and tartar from below the gum line, reducing inflammation and improving gum health. It's often a first step in treating mild to moderate gum recession.
- Antibiotics: In cases of infection, antibiotics may be prescribed to control bacterial growth and promote healing.
- Improved Oral Hygiene Instruction: Your periodontist will provide personalized guidance on proper brushing and flossing techniques to prevent further gum recession.
2. Surgical Treatment:
If non-surgical treatments are insufficient, a periodontist might recommend surgical intervention:
- Gingival Grafting: This is a common surgical procedure where tissue is taken from another area of the mouth (usually the palate) and grafted onto the area with receding gums. This covers exposed tooth roots and helps regenerate gum tissue. There are different types of gingival grafts, including free gingival grafts, connective tissue grafts, and pedicle grafts. Your periodontist will determine which type is most appropriate for your individual needs.
- Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR): This technique uses special membranes to encourage the growth of new bone and gum tissue around the teeth.
- Pinhole Surgical Technique (PST): A minimally invasive procedure that uses specialized instruments to reposition gum tissue without sutures. It is often used for mild to moderate gum recession.
- Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD): This is a protein that promotes the regeneration of gum tissue and bone. It is often used in conjunction with other surgical procedures.
How Much Does Receding Gum Treatment Cost?
The cost of receding gum treatment varies widely depending on the severity of the recession, the chosen treatment method, and your location. Non-surgical treatments are typically less expensive than surgical options. It's best to consult with your periodontist for a personalized cost estimate.
Does Insurance Cover Receding Gum Treatment?
Many dental insurance plans cover at least a portion of the cost of periodontal treatment, including gum recession treatment. However, the extent of coverage can vary. It's important to check your specific insurance policy to understand your benefits.
Can Receding Gums Be Prevented?
Yes, many cases of receding gums can be prevented or slowed down with proper oral hygiene practices. This includes:
- Brushing gently twice daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush.
- Flossing daily to remove plaque and food particles from between teeth.
- Regular dental checkups and cleanings.
- Quitting smoking.
What Happens If Receding Gums Are Left Untreated?
Left untreated, receding gums can lead to several serious dental problems, including:
- Tooth sensitivity: Exposed tooth roots are more sensitive to hot and cold temperatures.
- Tooth decay: The exposed roots are more vulnerable to cavities.
- Tooth loss: Severe gum recession can result in bone loss, leading to loose teeth and eventually tooth loss.
- Bad breath (halitosis): Gum disease can contribute to persistent bad breath.
By addressing receding gums promptly and effectively, you can significantly improve your oral health and maintain a beautiful, healthy smile. Regular visits to your dentist and periodontist are essential for early detection and appropriate treatment.
